We are in the lead in Norway when it comes to extracting the maximum amount of oil out of a reservoir. The average recovery factor in Norway is 46%. Today the recovery is multiplied by four, now getting close to 70%. We assumed a recovery factor which seemed realistic at the time, in the late 1980s: about 17% of the oil would be produced. The producing formation had excellent characteristics. Oil from Haltenbanken had migrated eastwards and up, and Draugen was discovered at a shallower level than the other reservoirs in the area. Draugen was expected to reach end of field life in 2013, according to the initial plans, but we are currently in the process of extending Draugen’s lifetime till 2036.ĭraugen was discovered in 1984, in an area where most geologists did not bother looking for hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs. In 2013, Draugen marks 20 years since the start of production. Energy 59:513–520Īghaali H, Ångström H-E (2015) A review of turbo compounding as a waste heat recovery system for internal combustion engines.Draugen was the first field to be developed in the Norwegian Sea, pioneering production from an area which later became one of the important petroleum provinces in Norway. Walnum HT, Nekså P, Nord LO, Andresen T (2013) Modelling and simulation of carbon dioxide bottoming cycles for offshore oil and gas installations at design and off-design conditions. Kolahi M, Yari M, Mahmoudi SMS, Mohammadkhani F (2016) Thermodynamic and economic performance improvement of ORCs through using zeotropic mixtures: case of waste heat recovery in an offshore platform. Pierobon L, Benato A, Scolari E, Haglind F, Stoppato A (2014) Waste heat recovery technologies for offshore platforms. Pierobon L, Nguyen T-V, Larsen U, Haglind F, Elmegaard B (2013) Multi-objective optimization of organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery: application in an offshore platform. Hnat JG, Coles WF (1985) A feasibility assessment of cogeneration from a regenerative glass furnace. Malaysia Biennail Update Report to the UNFCCC 2020 (2020) Ministry of Environment and Water Malaysia, Putrajaya Malaysia Energy Statistics Handbook 2018 (2019) Energy Commission, Putrajaya Zhang A, Zhang H, Qadrdan M, Yang W, Jin X (2019) Optimal planning of integrated energy systems for offshore oil extraction and processing platforms. Nguyen T-V, Elmegaard B, Breuhaus P, Haglind F (2014) Modelling, analysis and optimisation of energy systems on offshore platforms, Phd thesis, Technical University of Denmark Malaysia Biennail Update Report to the UNFCCC (2016) Ministry of Environment and Water Malaysia, Putrajaya Nguyen T-V, Pierobon L, Elmegaard B, Haglind F, Breuhaus P, Voldsund M (2013) Exergetic assessment of energy systems on north sea oil and gas platforms. Oh TH (2010) Carbon capture and storage potential in coal-fired plant in Malaysia-a review. Omara A, Saghafifar M, Mohammadi K, Alashkar A, Gadalla M (2018) A review of unconventional bottoming cycles for waste heat recovery: part II-applications. Although there have been studies utilizing different technologies on the waste heat recovery of offshore oil and gas sector, more improvement could be made in the future to the efficiency of the power system by applying other WHR technologies such as turbo compound or combination of several WHR technologies to recover more waste heat, hence reducing environmental impacts. The oil extraction and processing platform which is also known as the “Central Power Platform” was discovered to be the main source of waste heat and the processes involved were the potential candidates for waste heat recovery. Technologies that were utilized by previous researchers were reviewed and the future direction on the waste heat recovery of offshore operation was described. The waste heat recovery (WHR) is a method of capturing and transferring the waste heat from a process with gas or liquid to the system as an additional energy source. Brief explanation on the standard operating strategy of the offshore platform was given and the processes that released huge amount of recoverable waste were emphasized. This paper performed an investigation on the potential source of waste heat on the offshore oil and gas operation. Offshore oil and gas platforms are one of the energy industries that generate huge amount of waste heat and CO 2 emission that cause environmental impacts.
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